To date, this spray is the only effective alternative to other chemical agents for me. The first time spraying the engine interior and the antenna (about half a can) already helped (only marten tracks, no bite), since the second spraying makes the raccoon a wide berth to the engine compartment and the antenna. Regular then spray the antenna is approximately every 14 days, and after prolonged rain (antenna) is useful. Engine compartment was not nachgesprüht, no engine wash, anyway Marder free! Highly recommended!