For a cable line tester indicated a short-circuit of two wires. In addition, only one operation instead of 100Mbit 1Gbit was possible.
After I pulled the wires again, the error in the line tester was gone. After I hung up the line on a BTR E-DAT module, it now works with 1 Gbit.
Ergo the Patch Panel is defective and was a complete failure purchase.