For pigeons liberation of our roof terraces we bought 2 of these ravens. Now, after four weeks, the result is quite positive: the pigeons keep a respectful distance to the raven and seem to be on the balcony not really feel good (ie they sometimes flutter still on the railing, then forgiven but again quickly by itself) ! Warning, the defense area is but only about 75cm - 1 m to the ravens around, that you have already set up a number of ravens normally (our balcony is 3m * 2m and because it works with 2 ravens quite well). The ravens themselves are made of plastic, weatherproof, black, but do not look really great - but much better than constantly wegzumachen pigeon droppings.