It did change my life. But you must not Imagine That These Changes are something like putting down the book, starting a new job, becoming a member in another party or trying to get in contact with a new sort of people. It is a slower change, more subtle and is based on the experiences while struggling with the book's questions.
When I look back now, I'd say it did what the emotional grip Which kept me thinking about it for years on. And thesis thoughts based on the feelings evoked by the narrative have led to the changes. Even today I'm astonished about how intensively I experienced reading it, how enthusiastic I was reading on.
I could start giving some literary criticism, talking about language and structure (Which admittedly all play a part in it), but reading the book will be rewarding only if you have somehow the same attitude, the same problems, the same view on life as The Protagonists (and for this you do not Necessarily Have To Be Around 20 or 30). Then the book will have a strong influence on you, Because then you'll feel an emotional grip, otherwise I think reading it would be a waste of time.
Lessing herself knew this and unlike many other authors she wisely recommended not reading it When it's not the time for it.