Can the review regarding effectiveness only confirm was a coincidence, as we have this means to know. But even while jogging between the cornfields and really nice piercing joyful, moist air I have the brakes operate in peace - usually I'm always rather "snack to go" for the ol 'piercing critters, but here no longer. Did the mosquito repellant applied not only on the skin but also on clothing - however, worked great. Even the critters that normally fly around a still have been considerably less. Stung I was this summer only if I had nothing on your skin, otherwise not. And also for gardening against ticks, it seems to have helped, we had (sprayed) not even a tick on clothing. So, definitely five star!