George Brassens:
"When I meet an unlucky thief
Pursued by a c * the earth
J 'launches the leg and why the silence
The c * the earth ground s'retrouve
But I did do harm to anyone
Leaving run apple thieves. "
And yes these few verses of this book illustrate Brassens this book Hugolian!
For my part I am against the death penalty against euphemistic by many, "capital punishment" of "capo" meaning head in Italian, Testu capud or in Latin, the head-hunters are not necessarily Africans, Peruvians or Native Americans, (French baptizing them that the "Sioux" because they "sawing" the heads of their invaders with a knife!) La France, by cutting full basket until Robert Badinter gave honor to our country, for after a man stood, talking, talking-to in order to break the "Louison".
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Claude Gueux is a "fable" of Victor Hugo; November 7, 1831, Claude Gueux was imprisoned in the central of Clairvaux, the end of this "fable" will be published by V. Hugo July 6, 1834 in "the review of Paris". Charles Carlier co-finances a separate edition of 500 copies, in order to enjoy the great lesson in it, Aujourd'hui Le Livre de Poche in fact we gift.
Claude Gueux Hugo inspires a plea against the death penalty.
"The people suffer, he says, and it is this distress that drives him to the crime."
This is not a book about and against the death penalty but it is a book about prison life itself.
For the author, "the prison was initially conceived as a moral rehabilitation center in the world by cutting the prisoner left alone with his remorse which must make him regret his fault."
Each prisoner had to work to provide for his own needs (which should not be too large) and of course the needs of the penal institution and indeed to those of the state.
Work and Solitude "Isolation for meditation and remorse are part of the prison."
In 1808, a decree provides transformed ancient abbeys in prisons because the austerity of monastic architecture acceptable to the detained severity.
PRISON IS NOT A PLACE OF REHABILITATION highlights Victor Hugo!
Claude advises a young inmate to learn to read; retaining "Emile" of Jean Jacques Rousseau and a pair of sewing scissors, only memories of his wife. (A pair of small scissors but you will discover the utility if you read this book), those who have a mind full of justice and rightness will.
Rousseau's novel is subtitled "From Education" in which we find in his lines: "We must cultivate before the people to no longer have to cut." Remember that Jean Jacques Rousseau belongs to the Enlightenment engages the Duc D'Aguesseau, but the Geneva continue his epistolary writing in great French.
Hugo claims a Bible hut (cell) unlike Voltaire loan of secularism that say: "It engages Christianity alongside the people against the order of the enlightened bourgeoisie."
The author of Claude Gueux then goes into the minds of many of his contemporaries, propose the concept of mitigating circumstances in order to take into account the moral provocation forgotten by law; (Why this man he killed? Why this man he stole?)
The company must take its share of responsibility.
But many trials still take place that way today said a commentator.
In the preface to this book, Immanuel Buron told us with great wisdom, "wrote Plutarch's" Lives of Famous Men "Hugo," the long life of an obscure character "convict He describes his wisdom as a model. ... He suggests analogies between the path of Claude and the Passion of Christ. "
Victor Hugo says: "It was a beautiful head, we'll see what the company has done" "There are many people who are not fooled and who, at some distance, take the tenacity of will and a candle for a star "
Claude makes a friend in the prison, a friend whom he is very attached. Albin that friend will not hesitate to give half of his food ration to Claude who is a big eater, this friendship will grow more and more, but a bad day the Director of the prison, only pushed by a sadistic malice , will separate the two friends.
But I let you discover the value of this story.
Victor Hugo ends this magnificent novel-advocacy by the no less dazzling sentence of absolute truth. Here it is:
"The common man's head, that is the question! The head is full of useful germs. Use it to ripen and come out of it what it brighter and better tempered in virtue. Tel murdered on the highway, which, better directed, would have been the most excellent servant of the city. The human head of the people, cultivate it, Break up it, enlighten it, moralisez it, use the ; you will not need to cut it! "
One of our most beautiful hugolienes sentences, otherwise our French literature!
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DATES OF THE ABOLITION OF THE DEATH ACROSS COUNTRY
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ITALY: 1860
GREECE: 1862
ROMANIA 1864
PORTUGAL: 1866
NETHERLANDS: 1870
SWITZERLAND: 1874
NORWAY: 1905
AUSTRIA: 1919
GERMANY: 1949
ENGLAND: 1970
FRANCE: 1981
THE USA, the situation is by state, as well as in South America.
MIDDLE EAST, EAST THE DEATH REMAINS IN FORCE BUT WITH BONUS The atrocity OF OR HANGING THE stoning.
IN THE COUNTRIES OF "RISING SUN" IS GREAT PERSON WHOSE COUCHANT MURDERER "MUST BE CONCERNED" UNTIL DAY !!! AT LEAST I'M THE "HOPE.
Christian.
