Because of its age, the gallery brings together many important painting works for the history of art in Europe. There are for example the altarpieces di Boninsegna, Cimabue and Giotto (XIII-XIV century), which tend more towards realism and volume of shapes and characters. Martini's paintings, Memmi and Giottino (XIV century) also emphasize the desire for concrete expressions, care of essential forms.
The fifteenth century is particularly well represented with Botticelli and Lippi father and son. Veneziano The altarpiece is one of the masterpieces of the era. Sainte Anne Metterza, a collaboration of Masolino and Masaccio is a fundamental work of the evolution of painting in the early Renaissance. The gallery also houses the Adoration of the Magi by Fabiano da, and the two parts of the Diptych of the Dukes of Urbino by Piero della Francesca, performer among Northern Europe's most significant art, as Ghirlandaio, although represented in the gallery. The Botticelli Spring is perhaps the most famous work of the museum, accompanied by the no less famous Birth of Venus. The gallery also includes the Annunciation by Leonardo da Vinci, whose restoration was completed in 2000.
There are also paintings reflecting the Renaissance in Northern Europe: The Entombment of van der Weyden, works by Dürer, Partinari Triptych by Hugo van der Goes. The sixteenth century is defined as the "golden age" of Italian painting: Michelangelo, Raphael, Chigi, del Sarto, Beccafumi, Romano, Parmesan, Salviati, Tintoretto, Bassano, Veronese. Also found in the gallery The musician Angel Fiorentino, the Portrait of Cosimo the Elder of the Pontormo's Portrait of Lucrezia Panciatichi Bronzino and the famous Venus of Urbino by Titian.
The seventeenth and eighteenth century are well represented by donations from the Medici and Lorraine. The Medici are fond of foreign artists: Rubens, Van Dyck, Velazquez, Rembrandt, Goya. Caravaggio, although ever present in Florence, is also present, as evidenced Medusa which serves as a cover for the album, but also the Bacchus and the sacrifice of Isaac. Goya is represented by Marie-Therese Countess of Chinchon. Berckheyde is considered a precursor of urban life of the eighteenth century. The Palace of the Doges of Venice Canaletto is also part of the museum collection.
