Can only say, after 20 years of my limited cooking experiments, the best cup I've ever had. The first pan that appears absolutely perfect. Have been more in use. The meat is brown, although absolutely nothing sticks to. No Teflon coating, which could come loose and not squeezed pan, which can warp if overheated. Plus reasonably priced. Had the tip from a professional chef. Cook since only with AMT pans!